: Languages and Their Speakers . Timothy Shopen. ; Languages and Their Status . Timothy Shopen.

efl students gender and socioeconomic status: the use of politeness strategies in the first and second languages

within the components of communicative competence, a special emphasis is put on the “rules of politeness,” specifically the politeness strategies (brown and levinson, 1978) that speakers deploy when performing the request speech act. this is because the degree of imposition that making a request places upon one’s interlocutor(s) has been seen to be influenced by several factors among which, as ...

Balanced Grammars and Their Languages

Balanced grammars are a generalization of parenthesis grammars in two directions. First, several kind of parentheses are allowed. Next, the set of right-hand sides of productions may be an infinite regular language. XML-grammars are a special kind of balanced grammars. This paper studies balanced grammars and their languages. It is shown that there exists a unique minimal balanced grammar equiv...

Balanced Grammars and Their Languages

Do Software Languages Engineers Evaluate their Languages?

Domain Specific Languages (DSLs) can contribute to increment productivity, while reducing the required maintenance and programming expertise. We hypothesize that Software Languages Engineering (SLE) developers consistently skip, or relax, Language Evaluation. Based on the experience of engineering other types of software products, we assume that this may potentially lead to the deployment of in...

Languages and their computational properties